Assessment of battery utilization and energy consumption in the large-scale development of urban electric vehicles

Zhao, Yang & Wang, Zhenpo & Shen, Max & Sun, Fengchun. (2021). Assessment of battery utilization and energy consumption in the large-scale development of urban electric vehicles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 118. e2017318118. 10.1073/pnas.2017318118.

Significance The surging demand for battery resources and energy from EVs signifies a need to reassess the real-world battery utilization and energy consumption of urban EVs. In this work, we incorporate unique and previously unavailable datasets of urban-scale EV operation to better understand the battery utilization and energy consumption of large-scale EV utilization. High-resolution operating data of EVs across multiple regions are collected and integrated with vehicle feature data as the input for modeling. Accordingly, we expose several issues that have nonnegligible impacts on battery resources and the urban power supply, such as low battery utilization and seasonal changes in the energy consumption of EVs. The provided models and data can be extensively utilized for further EV-related resource and energy investigations.